Modal verbs are a special group of auxiliary verbs that express functions like ability, permission, obligation, and possibility. Regarding this topic, mark T (True) or F (False) for each statement:
(   ) Modal verbs are always followed by the base form of the main verb (without "to"), and they do not change their form according to the subject.
(   ) The modal verb "must" can be used to express a strong obligation or a logical deduction based on certain evidence in the present. 
(   ) "Should" is the most appropriate modal verb to ask for a formal permission in a professional environment, replacing the use of "can" or "may."
(   ) The negative form of "can" in the past tense is "could not" or "couldn't," which can indicate both a lack of ability or a lack of permission in the past.

After analyzing the statements, choose the alternative that presents the CORRECT sequence, from top to bottom:

Verb tenses in English indicate not only the time of an action but also its aspect, showing whether it is a completed fact or a continuous process. Analyze the following statements:
I.The Present Perfect is used to describe actions that happened at an unspecified time in the past or that have a connection with the present moment.
II.The Future with "going to" is typically used for spontaneous decisions made at the exact moment of speaking, without any prior plan or evidence.
III.The Past Continuous is used to describe an action that was in progress at a specific time in the past, often interrupted by another event.

Choose the alternative that presents the CORRECT statement(s):

The development of language competencies assumes the integration of the four basic skills (listening, speaking, reading, and writing) in meaningful contexts of language use. Analyze the following statements:
I.The development of critical reading skills involves the student's ability to identify biases, the author's intentions, and the socio-historical context of the text.
II. Written production should be approached as a process-oriented activity, involving stages such as planning, drafting, revising, and rewriting according to the proposed text genre.
III. Listening is a passive process of phonetic decoding that does not require the use of prior knowledge or inferencing by the learner.

Choose the alternative that presents the CORRECT statement(s):

Subject−verb agreement in English requires the verb to match the subject in person and number, especially in the third person singular of the simple present. With regard to the rules of subject−verb agreement, select the CORRECT alternative.

Grammatical categories such as pronouns and articles are essential for reference and determination in English discourse. With regard to the use of these grammatical categories, select the CORRECT alternative.

English morphosyntax analyzes how words are categorized and how they function within a sentence to convey meaning. Concerning word classes and their functions, mark the CORRECT alternative.

The English verbal system is divided into regular and irregular verbs, based on how they form the past simple and the past participle. Regarding this topic, mark T (True) or F (False) for each statement:
(   ) Regular verbs form their past tense by adding the suffix "-ed" to the base form, following specific spelling rules for verbs ending in "-y" or consonant-vowel-consonant.
(   ) Irregular verbs follow a predictable pattern of vowel mutation, allowing the speaker to determine the past form of any unknown verb by analogy with the verb "to go."
(   ) Some irregular verbs have the same form for the infinitive, the simple past, and the past participle, such as the verbs "put," "cut," and "set."
(   ) The past tense of the verb "to read" is spelled differently from the present tense to indicate the change in pronunciation from /ri:d/ to /red/ in formal registers.

After analyzing the statements, choose the alternative that presents the CORRECT sequence of the items above, from top to bottom:

Sentence structure in English follows a predominant Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) order, but can be modified for emphasis or to establish textual cohesion. Analyze the following statements:
I.In questions, the auxiliary verb (do, does, did, have) or a modal verb must generally be placed before the subject, except when the "wh-word" is the subject itself.
II.Connectors such as "however" and "nevertheless" are used to introduce a result that logically follows from the previous sentence, acting as synonyms for "so."
III.The position of adverbs of frequency, such as "always" or "never," is typically before the main verb but after the verb "to be" in simple tenses.

Choose the alternative that presents the CORRECT statement(s):

Considere o trecho “Guardrails are the safety systems that guide AI use.” (5º parágrafo). Sem alterar o sentido original do texto, a palavra “guide” pode ser substituída por

Considere o trecho “These gaps can also increase risk aversion, so teams avoid innovation even when the potential benefits are high.” (2º parágrafo)
A expressão “risk aversion” pode ser corretamente compreendida como:¬