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Brian Tomlinson and Hitomi Masuhara, The Complete Guide to the Theory and Practice of Materials Development for Language Learning
Whenever we look for resources on materials development, it is difficult to find books which bring together theory and practice in an organic manner. This book does precisely that; it provides the practicality of materials development guides and the academic rigour of reports and research studies published in the field.
Tomlinson and Masuhara’s book has three specific aims. First is to help teachers, researchers and students to know, understand and be constructively critical of what has been achieved to date; secondly to help them develop, adapt, use, review and research materials on their own. Finally, while talking most particularly to teachers, the authors highlight that they want the strong opinions and approaches presented in the book to inspire readers to think independently and to develop and apply innovative approaches on their own.
These three aims seem to be very ambitious and that is the feeling you get when you read through the chapters. The book includes everything related to the theory and practice in materials development to date, and advocates that theory must inform practice and vice versa. Each of the fifteen chapters ends with a section which includes recommendations for teachers followed by a ‘What do you think?’ section to encourage them to reflect on their own contexts and teaching experience in them.
Although at times the book seems overwhelming as it attempts to provide everything about materials in language learning, it successfully realizes its aim to address a wide audience from publishers, researchers to teachers.
(https://www.fortell.org. acessado em 02.10.2025. Adaptado)
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The term “language practice” refers to activities which involve repetition of the same language point or skill in an environment which is controlled by the framework of the activity. The purpose for language production and the language to be produced are usually predetermined by the task or the teacher. The intention is not to use the language for communication but to strengthen the ability to manipulate a particular language form or function.
Activities centered on “language use”, on the other hand, involve the production of language in order to communicate. The purpose of the activity might be predetermined but the language which is used is determined by the learners.
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Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão:
The term “language practice” refers to activities which involve repetition of the same language point or skill in an environment which is controlled by the framework of the activity. The purpose for language production and the language to be produced are usually predetermined by the task or the teacher. The intention is not to use the language for communication but to strengthen the ability to manipulate a particular language form or function.
Activities centered on “language use”, on the other hand, involve the production of language in order to communicate. The purpose of the activity might be predetermined but the language which is used is determined by the learners.
O sufixo -en assume vários papéis e significados na língua inglesa.
A palavra que segue o mesmo processo de formação verificado em strengthen, no primeiro parágrafo do texto, é:
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Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão:
The term “language practice” refers to activities which involve repetition of the same language point or skill in an environment which is controlled by the framework of the activity. The purpose for language production and the language to be produced are usually predetermined by the task or the teacher. The intention is not to use the language for communication but to strengthen the ability to manipulate a particular language form or function.
Activities centered on “language use”, on the other hand, involve the production of language in order to communicate. The purpose of the activity might be predetermined but the language which is used is determined by the learners.
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Leia o cartum a seguir.
(www.itchyfeetcomic.com)
Image and text help capture the humor in the cartoon, which derives from
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Leia o excerto a seguir, extraído do art. 28 da Lei nº 13.146/2015 (que institui a Lei Brasileira de Inclusão da Pessoa com Deficiência/Estatuto da Pessoa com Deficiência):
Incumbe ao poder público assegurar, criar, desenvolver, implementar, incentivar, acompanhar e avaliar: [...]
I. _____________________ que institucionalize o atendimento educacional especializado, assim como os demais serviços e adaptações razoáveis, para atender às características dos estudantes com deficiência e garantir o seu pleno acesso ao currículo em condições de igualdade, promovendo a conquista e o exercício de sua autonomia; [...].
Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna.
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Leia o excerto a seguir, adaptado de Piaget (apud La Taille, Oliveira e Dantas, 1992):
Constitui o produto mais refinado da socialização. Acontece na medida em que o “eu” renuncia a si mesmo para inserir seu ponto de vista próprio entre os outros e se curvar assim às regras da reciprocidade. Em oposição ao egocentrismo inicial, o qual consiste em tomar o ponto de vista próprio como absoluto, por falta de poder perceber seu caráter particular, consiste em tomar consciência desta relatividade da perspectiva individual e colocá-la em relação com o conjunto das outras perspectivas possíveis; é, pois, uma coordenação da individualidade com o universal.
A descrição trata do que Piaget define como
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