Read the excerpts below and choose the correct answer in question.

Digitalization is gaining fast ground

The transition towards digitalization and automation is speeding up in the maritime industry. Digital technologies and solutions are being used to increase competitiveness and enhance operational efficiency. They are also being implemented to spur the industry along the decarbonization path to realize zero emissions from international shipping by mid-century.

Data streams from sensors and other sources of information can be used for decision making and enhanced monitoring, control, quality assurance and verification.

To secure efficient, sustainable operations and strengthen short-and-long-term competitiveness, maritime stakeholders need to re-think their current strategies and adapt.

(Adapted from: https://www.dnv.com)

Mastering transportation cybersecurity: The comprehensive guide

Global transportation networks are becoming increasingly interconnected, with digital systems playing a crucial role in ensuring the smooth operation of ports and supply chains. However, this reliance on technology can also create vulnerabilities, as demonstrated by the recent ransomware attack on Nagoya Port. As Japan's busiest shipping hub, the port's operations were brought to a standstill for two days, highlighting the potential for significant disruption to national economies and supply chains.

(Adapted from: https://www.sourcesecurity.com)